Fiber optic cables use light to transmit data, whereas traditional cables rely on electrical signals, which are more prone to interference and loss over distance. It's composed of several parts such as the cable core, reinforced steel wire or other strength member, filler and sheath. Unlike copper wires, which are limited by lower data transmission speeds, shorter transmission distances, and higher susceptibility to electromagnetic interference, fiber optic cables offer unparalleled performance and can. Fiber Optic Cable Definition: A fiber optic cable is defined as a network cable made up of strands of glass fibers that use light to transmit data over long distances. It consists of tiny glass or plastic fibers that can carry data as light pulses.