This paper presents a comprehensive review of AI-enhanced OFS technologies, encompassing both localized sensors such as fiber Bragg gratings (FBG), Fabry–Perot (FP) interferometers, and Mach–Zehnder interferometers (MZI), and distributed sensing systems based on Rayleigh . This paper presents a comprehensive review of AI-enhanced OFS technologies, encompassing both localized sensors such as fiber Bragg gratings (FBG), Fabry–Perot (FP) interferometers, and Mach–Zehnder interferometers (MZI), and distributed sensing systems based on Rayleigh . This is the power of fiber optic sensing, a technology that transforms ordinary optical fibers into the digital world's sensory network. In 2023, researchers turned submarine cables into earthquake warning systems and gave electric vehicles “optical nerves” to prevent battery failures. From energy. OptaSense is a global leader in distributed fiber optic sensing (DFOS), providing advanced monitoring solutions that transform standard fiber optic cables into intelligent sensing networks. Our technology enables operators to detect, locate, and respond to events in real time—improving safety. Huawei OptiX Sensing offers optical fiber sensing solutions for various industries such as oil and gas, transportation, electric power, and government. It can be used for detecting pipelines, utility tunnels, tracks, fences, water areas, and gas. Leveraging the distributed optical fiber vibration. Abstract—Distributed optical fiber sensing (DOFS), along with its capabilities of long-range coverage, multi-parameter monitoring, and completely passive detection, emerges as one of the most promising non-destructive detection techniques for structural health monitoring (SHM) and operational. Our Optical Fiber Sensing Technology is a unique innovation derived from our deep knowledge and rich experience in these fields. For the first time ever, NEC is now engaging in the creation of new values through this new technology that allows the use of existing optical fiber networks running. Distributed fiber optic sensing turns standard optical fibers into thousands of sensors for real-time environmental awareness, infrastructure monitoring and intelligent network optimization — effectively creating an early-warning system that enables operators to prevent failures and improve network.