A solar module simulator is a professional testing device capable of highly replicating real natural conditions such as sunlight, temperature, and irradiance. This work provides a comprehensive review of mathematical modeling used to simulate the performance of photovoltaic (PV) modules. It is primarily used in laboratory settings to evaluate the performance, conduct quality inspections, and perform long-term reliability. To analyze the nature of the operation of specific renewable energy facilities under various conditions, it is advisable to use simulation methods.